----------------------------------
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
प्रधानमंत्री मुद्रा योजना
1. परिचय
भारत में हर साल लाखों युवा पढ़ाई पूरी करते हैं।
लेकिन सभी को नौकरी नहीं मिल पाती।
कई युवाओं में कौशल और इच्छा होती है, पर पैसों की कमी होती है।
इसी समस्या को हल करने के लिए सरकार ने प्रधानमंत्री मुद्रा योजना शुरू की।
2. मुद्रा का अर्थ
MUDRA का पूरा नाम है:
Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency
इस योजना का उद्देश्य छोटे काम-धंधों को बढ़ावा देना है।
3. मुद्रा योजना का उद्देश्य
- युवाओं को आत्मनिर्भर बनाना
- बेरोजगारी कम करना
- छोटे व्यापारियों को सहयोग देना
- नौकरी मांगने वाले नहीं, नौकरी देने वाले बनाना
4. मुद्रा योजना किसके लिए है?
यह योजना खास तौर पर इन लोगों के लिए है:
- बेरोजगार युवा
- आईटीआई और स्किल ट्रेनिंग वाले युवा
- छोटे दुकानदार
- ठेले वाले
- कारीगर, मैकेनिक
- महिलाएं जो घर से काम शुरू करना चाहती हैं
5. मुद्रा ऋण के प्रकार
(क) शिशु ऋण – ₹50,000 तक
- नए व्यवसाय के लिए
- छोटे काम शुरू करने हेतु
उदाहरण:
- चाय की दुकान
- मोबाइल रिपेयर
- सिलाई का काम
(ख) किशोर ऋण – ₹50,001 से ₹5 लाख
- पहले से चल रहे व्यवसाय के लिए
- व्यापार बढ़ाने के लिए
(ग) तरुण ऋण – ₹5 लाख से ₹10 लाख
- अच्छी तरह चल रहे व्यापार के लिए
- बड़े विस्तार के लिए
(घ) तरुण + ऋण – ₹10 लाख से ₹20 लाख
6. किन कामों के लिए ऋण मिलता है
- छोटे उद्योग
- सर्विस काम
- दुकानदारी
- रिपेयरिंग
- ब्यूटी और ट्रेनिंग सेंटर
7. किन कामों के लिए नहीं
- घर या जमीन खरीदना
- शादी या निजी खर्च
- खेती
8. आवेदन कहाँ करें
- सरकारी बैंक
- निजी बैंक
- ग्रामीण बैंक
- माइक्रो फाइनेंस संस्थाएं
9. आवश्यक दस्तावेज
- आधार कार्ड
- पैन कार्ड
- पता प्रमाण
- फोटो
- बैंक खाता
- साधारण व्यवसाय जानकारी
10. ब्याज और भुगतान
- ब्याज दर बैंक तय करता है
- 3 से 5 साल में चुकाना होता है
- ईएमआई आसान होती है
11. महिलाओं के लिए विशेष लाभ
- कम ब्याज
- प्राथमिकता
- आत्मनिर्भरता
12. सावधानियां
- बिना योजना के ऋण न लें
- पैसे का गलत उपयोग न करें
- समय पर किश्त भरें
13. देश के लिए लाभ
- रोजगार बढ़ता है
- छोटे उद्योग मजबूत होते हैं
- अर्थव्यवस्था सुधरती है
14. युवाओं के लिए संदेश
छोटी शुरुआत से मत डरिए।
ईमानदारी से काम करें।
मुद्रा योजना एक अवसर है – सही उपयोग करें, जीवन बदलेगा।
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
1. Introduction
In India, lakhs of young people complete their studies every year.
Many of them have skills, energy, and ideas, but they do not get jobs easily.
Some want to start their own work, but lack money and guidance.
To solve this problem, the Government of India started Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY).
This scheme helps people to start small businesses by providing easy loans without security.
2. Meaning of Mudra
The word MUDRA stands for:
Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency
Its purpose is to support small income-generating activities, especially for people who do not have big capital.
3. Main Objective of Mudra Yojana
The main goals of Mudra Yojana are:
To promote self-employment
To reduce unemployment among youth
To support small entrepreneurs and skill workers
To encourage people to become job creators instead of job seekers
This scheme focuses on grass-root level businesses.
4. Who Should Seriously Consider Mudra Yojana?
Mudra Yojana is very useful for:
Unemployed youth
ITI, diploma, and skill-trained youth
Small shop owners
Street vendors and hawkers
Electricians, plumbers, mechanics
Tailors, beauticians, barbers
Women wanting to start home-based work
Transport workers (auto, e-rickshaw, taxi)
If you earn or want to earn from non-farm activities, this scheme is for you.
5. Categories of Mudra Loans (Very Important)
Mudra loans are divided into Four stages, depending on your business level.
Shishu (up to ₹50k), Kishore (₹50k-₹5L), Tarun (₹5L-₹10L), and Tarun+ (₹10L-₹20L).
(A) Shishu Loan – Up to ₹50,000
This loan is meant for beginners.
Best for:
First-time business starters
Very small businesses
Examples:
Tea stall, juice corner
Mobile repair shop
Cycle repair
Small tailoring unit
Home tiffin service
This loan helps you take the first step.
(B) Kishore Loan – ₹50,001 to ₹5,00,000
This loan is for people who already started work and want to grow further.
Best for:
Expanding a running business
Buying better tools or machines
Examples:
Adding new equipment
Renting a better shop
Increasing stock
This loan helps you move from survival to stability.
(C) Tarun Loan – ₹5,00,001 to ₹10,00,000
This loan is for well-established small businesses.
Best for:
Large expansion
Hiring workers
Buying advanced machinery
This loan helps you scale up your business.
(D) Tarun+ (₹10L-₹20L).
6. What Type of Businesses Are Allowed?
Mudra loans are given only for non-farm income activities, such as:
Manufacturing
Small workshops
Candle, agarbatti, papad making
Furniture work
Services
Repair services
Beauty parlours
Coaching centers
Photography
Trading
Grocery shops
Cloth shops
Mobile accessories shops
7. What Mudra Loan Cannot Be Used For
Buying land or house
Personal expenses like marriage
Farming activities
Repayment of old loans
Use the loan only for business purposes.
8. Where Can You Apply?
You can apply for Mudra loan at:
Government banks
Private banks
Regional Rural Banks
Cooperative banks
Micro Finance Institutions
NBFCs
Many banks also allow online application.
9. Documents Required (Simple Explanation)
Usually required documents are:
Aadhaar Card
PAN Card
Address proof
Passport size photographs
Bank account details
Simple business idea or plan
Do not worry about a big business plan.
Even a simple explanation is enough.
10. Interest Rate and Repayment
Interest rate is decided by banks
It is usually lower than private lenders
Loan repayment period is 3 to 5 years
Monthly EMIs are kept affordable
Some banks give initial relaxation period.
11. Benefits for Women and Special Groups
Women often get priority and lower interest
SC/ST, OBC, minorities are encouraged
Promotes financial independence
Women entrepreneurs are strongly supported.
12. Common Problems and How to Avoid Them
Common mistakes:
Taking loan without planning
Using money for personal needs
Missing EMI payments
Always:
Plan before applying
Keep records
Pay EMIs on time
This builds your credit history.
13. How Mudra Yojana Helps the Nation
Mudra Yojana:
Reduces unemployment
Supports small businesses
Strengthens local economy
Encourages dignity of labour
Small businesses together build a strong India.
14. Final Advice to Youth
Do not depend only on government or private jobs.
Start small. Learn slowly. Grow honestly.
Mudra Yojana is not free money, it is a responsibility and an opportunity.
If used wisely, it can change your life permanently.